Chargebacks & Disputes FAQ 16 ArticlesChargebacks Cardholder Disputes Why did I receive a chargeback? How do billing and shipping mismatches cause chargebacks? How to Dispute a Chargeback? Reasons and Reason Codes What are MCC codes? Reporting and Investigation How does a chargeback get reported? What are authorization codes? What is a chargeback ratio? 12 ArticlesCredit Card Fraud Card-Not-Present (CNP) Fraud How can I prevent card-not-present chargebacks? Why does online fraud occur? Why is my business experiencing fraud? Friendly Fraud Return item chargebacks, and how they work. What is friendly fraud? Prevent and Reduce Fraud Why do chargebacks occur and what can I do to prevent them? What are some of the ways to conduct order reviews? What are some tips for protecting against fraud? 6 ArticlesOnline Payments Systems Payment Gateways and Processors How do online payments work? What is a payment gateway? What is a payment processor and how does it impact winning chargebacks? Merchant Accounts Here is how to get a merchant account What is merchant services, and is help available? How are chargebacks reported to merchants? 9 ArticlesCard Monitoring Programs Mastercard How does the MasterCard monitoring program work? How is the required MasterCard chargeback threshold ratio calculated? How is the MasterCard Monitoring Program enforced and fees assessed? Visa What should I know about Visa’s recent compelling evidence process? How does the Visa Chargeback Monitoring Program work? How is the required Visa chargeback threshold ratio calculated? 8 ArticlesFraud Prevention & Security Technology What is 3D Secure? What is Address Verification Service (AVS)? What is EMV?